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Design

Design


Design is a broad topic to describe what it specifically means. A simple way to understand what the word ‘Design’ is, it is a need that accommodate different individuals liking and demand. These are clients which they want either a decorative design for satisfaction or a functional and innovative design to make life easier.

‘’Design is to design a design to produce a design’’ – John Heskett

 Design started way before the Industrial revolution happened, in ancient times people use to design things manually and with the intention to contain in their daily lives. These originated when men started to make their own tools to work with, weapons to hunt and figure out how to heat themselves in winter times by rubbing the same materials found in those times to create fire.  This results that the things that they made were unique and now a day are prestigious because mass production did not exist in those times.



As when the Industrial revolution occurred in the 18th Century in United Kingdom and machinery was introduced, they started to mass produce things. With this movement, many other things happened. There was an urban growth due to mass production of houses and introducing hotels.



Transportation using mechanical engines started to become popular, ships using steam engines to operate British goods to neighbour countries, also many more factories started to get built to mass produce different type of things which catered to different audience.


With the means of transportation, migrants from England started to spread throughout other countries and feeding their knowledge to other people. One of the countries that influenced with the machinery and engineering that they used in Britain in the industrial revolution movement was the United States of America.



An American Inventor, Eli Whitney invented the first manual ‘Cotton Gin’ that revolutionised the cotton industry. This machinery had the ability to clean the seeds from the fibre and leaving clean fibre to labourers to work with.







Another revolutionised sector in this movement impacted the most was the Textile Industry. Many inventions were established to create the manual gadget to mass produce textiles.



®   Flying shuttle (1733) by Jon Kay
A machine that was efficient and fast to create a large number of wider textiles.

®   Roller Spinning machine (1738) by Lewis Paul & John Wyatt
Prepared the right length and thickness of wool.

®   Cylinder Printing (early1750) by Joseph Bell
Printed patterns and images on fabric.

®   Dash Wheel (late 1750) by Unknown
A manually generated wheel that acted as a washing machine in factories to remove impurities from the textile.

®   Spinning Jenny (1764) by James Hargreaves
Manual spinner with eight looms for thin fabric

®   Rotary steam engines (1773) by James Watt
Steam Engines introduced into textile factories

®   Spinning Mule (early 1775) by Samuel Crompton
An inspired ‘Spinning Jenny’ that worked more efficiently with wider abilities.

®   Carding machine (late 1775) by Lewis Paul & Richard Arkwright
A machine that separated knotted fabric threads

®   Flex Spinner (1787) by Thomas Penthouse & John Kendrew
An instrument which created a quick way to loom fibres

®   Willow machines (1789) by Unknown Scottish Inventor is known as Snodgrass
This machine removed any unwanted impurities from fibres before they were started to loom it.

®   Power loom (1802) by Edmund Cartwright & William Horrocks
The first spinning aromatic loom that was powered by steam engines which replaced a large percentage of labourers



As years passed there were many more inventors that invented practical and efficient machines to create more designs that were relevant to different periods and now a day we are going back to old traditions and methods to create futuristic designs.

Bibliography:

Research

G.Southworth  2013 ' Builders of our country vol.2' http://www.heritage-history.com/?c=read&author=southworth&book=builders2&story=whitney
Published by: Heritage History Acadamy
Accessed: 9th February 2017 at 9.40pm

Tomhobbs0615, ' Textile inventions in the Industrial Revolution' https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/textile-inventions-in-the-industrial-revolution
Accessed: 9th February 2017 at 10.15pm
John Simkins, September 1997 (Updated 2015) ' Dash Wheels'
http://spartacus-educational.com/TEXdash.htm
Accessed: 9th February 2017 at 11.00pm

Mary Bellis, 'The Cotton Gin Patent' http://inventors.about.com/od/cstartinventions/ss/patent_X72.htm
Accessed: 9th February 2017 at 11.45pm

Images:

http://inventors.about.com/od/cstartinventions/ss/patent_X72.htm
Accessed on: 10th February 2017 at 8.17am

http://www.heritage-history.com/?c=read&author=southworth&book=builders2&story=whitney
Accessed on: 10th February 2017 at 8.30am

http://originalpeople.org/big-bodies-sharp-eyes-killed-neanderthals/
Accessed on: 10th February 2017 at 8.44am

https://augustinestenza.wordpress.com/2015/03/15/what-is-language-properties-of-human-language-iiiv-sem-masscom-eflu-shillong/
Accessed on: 10th February 2017 at 8.52am

http://biology4isc.weebly.com/4-human-evolution.html
Accessed on: 10th February 2017 at 9.00am 




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